【www.31823946.com--写作技巧】
作文(composition)是经过人的思想考虑和语言组织,通过文字来表达一个主题意义的记叙方法。下面是小编为大家整理的盘点小学生英语作文的写作技巧【汇编八篇】,欢迎大家借鉴与参考,希望对大家有所帮助。
实用的小学生作文写作技巧
一、动笔之前不要慌,想好题目列提纲
在动笔之前,列提纲是很关键也是很必要的一步。列提纲的时候,一定要把开头结尾写详细些,中间各段,穿插哪些精彩的话语或名言俗语、诗词典故,要写准。一般来说,列提纲,大约5分钟到8分钟。
二、适当克隆和“抄袭”,考前备料攒信息
考试前,建议考生翻阅大量的范文,积累一些考试作文的结构。可以把写作的梗概和套路归纳出来,可以分别背个三五句。同样,一些典故、俗语、人物事迹的积累也是必不可少的!
三、考试作文5~6段,干净整洁看卷面
考试作文中,要注意及时分段,三四个段落显得少了,八九个段落,显得琐碎了些。除非有特殊情况,段落以5~6段为好。此外,卷面一定要整洁,不要涂改得乱七八糟。
四、作文成绩看字迹,得分要素是第一
任何形式的作文考试,阅卷老师打分时,第一眼,看的是字迹。因此,写作文必须要把字写好。记住,考作文考的是内容,而不是书法,切忌字迹潦草。
五、开头结尾要简练,最好首尾两行半
除了忌八九行的行文外,“大头作文”也要不得。建议考生在写作文的时候,开头结尾占两行半,顶多不能超过三行半。这不仅会在一定程度上降低文章的美感,也会影响阅卷老师的情绪。
六、作文首尾要扣题,工整简洁出新意
考试作文的开头方法很多:六要素开头法、题记开头法、悬念开头法、引名句开头法、排比句开头法、拟人式开头法、设问式开头法、对偶式开头法、博喻加对仗开头法、合用修辞开头法、巧述典故开头法、解题式开头法、名人问答开头法、诗文引用开头法等,要选择一个自己最擅长的。
结尾也很重要。一般来说,结尾是总结全文。如果是记叙文,要注意抒情。如果是议论文,则要注意归纳。无论如何,最好要扣准标题。怎么扣呢?如果你实在拿不准,就在结尾段的第一句,把题目说一下,然后归纳全文观点就是了。
【例文】
一件令我感动的事
这件事过去了很长时间,但我仍然记忆犹新,久久不能忘怀。
那是一个星期六的中午,我和妈妈去中心广场玩,正当我玩的开心的时候,一阵歌声传入我的耳朵里,我四处寻找着这声音的来源忽然我看见一群人围着两个人,挤进去一看惊呆了。有个人没有双脚,坐在一个带着滑轮的木板上,他却唱着动听的.婉转的歌声。还有一个人没有了双臂,他却用嘴叼着毛笔来写字,不一会儿就写得满头大汗了,却写的字迹工整。
围观的人越来越多,人们议论纷纷,有的说:“这两个人可真坚强啊!
还有的说:“他们身残志不残,我们常人办不到的事他们却能办到,而且比我们办得更好。”
这时候,人们都不约而同的掏出了钱,你一元,我两元的放入了他们面前的盒子里。一位清洁工老爷爷也挤进人群里,掏出皱巴巴的五元钱。他们俩个看见了,停止了唱歌,也放下了嘴里叼着的笔,急忙对人们说:“谢谢,谢谢你们,好人一生平安。”接着写字的那个人写下了“好人一生平安”的大字,唱歌的也唱起了《好人一生平安》这首歌。
我对妈妈说:“妈妈把这两个星期的零花钱也给我吧!我拿着零花钱也放到那个盒子里。
我想:只要人人献出一点爱,这个世界将变成一个美好的人间。
这篇文章表达了小作者对于能够获得一个充满爱的美好人间的美好愿望。开篇引题自然,通过对卖艺残疾人的外貌描写和细节描写,表现了卖艺残疾人身残志坚,积极的生活态度。同时也表达了小作者对卖艺残疾人的敬佩与鼓励之情。
一 、写作的过程
四级的写作,一般分为三个过程:构思、组织、表达。
1.构思。即:当考生拿到考题,看懂题目,在脑中整合与考题内容相关的内容。这时的素材往往是个别的,孤立的,很凌乱琐碎;
2.组织。即把脑中的素材做出整理,使其条理、系统化。取舍素材的标准如下:第一自己是否可以准备的英文进行表达,第二整理的素材字数是否符合考试的要求。
3.表达。即把组织过的材料仔细推敲,确无问题了再落笔成文。在撰写时要注意主谓语一致,时态呼应,用词贴切等。
二 、写作的必备积累
1.基础语法。
写作是一个输出的过程,要求考生一定具备最基础的语法才会造出正确的句子,所以在真正写作之前,考生需要检验自己的最基本语法知识是否具备。具体如下:时态,语态,三大从句,主谓一致。倘若可以掌握更复杂的语法点自然是更好,如:虚拟语气,强调,倒装,非谓语动词等。但在此之前需要考生掌握造句的最基本语法。
2.高级词汇以及高级固定句型的积累。
写作的高分标准不是语言的正确表达,而是优美表达,换言之,文章不是写对就是高分,需要写好。这就要求考生一定有语言的积累,体现在写作的造句方面就是单词和句型的升级。
三 、写作的提高方法
1.阅读优秀范文。
阅读是写作的基础,写好英语先要读好英语。积累一个词,应该要同时掌握这个词的用法。记单词不能光记它的表面意思,而应深入了解它的适用语境、常用搭配、习惯用法等,这样才算真正掌握了一个词。例如“Actually, no rules of the game states you must do anything”这个句子中,查字典了解到“state”一词意思是“表明、说明”,在这里作及物动词,用法之一是“…state…”。以后在写作中要表达“考试中取得高分表明你学习取得了很大进步”便可写成“The high marks of the tests state you"ve made great progress in your studies”。
2.加强练词造句训练。
词句对作文相当于造房的材料,无好材料就造不出好房子。平时在学习阅读时要注意收集积累,把好的词语、短语、句型做好笔记。平时在练习中的错误也要做好记录,再对照正确句子,使地道的英语句子如同条件反射,落笔就对。
3.了解英语写作格式。
可以先看一本介绍英语写作入门的书,对英语写作有一个初步的概念,如怎么写议论文,如何提出论据,如何展开,如何确定中心句;又如,英语信的格式,如何根据不同身份写不同结束语等,然后根据不同的体裁进行写作练习。
4.恰当运用过渡词。
恰当运用过渡词可以使文章结构紧凑,过渡自然,避免脱节现象。时间上的衔接词有“then、as time goes by、day after day、gradually、finally”等,表因果关系的有“as a result、because of、thanks to”等.。
四 、写作基础功能句
第一类:表示原因
1)There are three reasons for this.
2)The reasons for this are as follows.
3)The reason for this is obvious.
4)The reason for this is not far to seek.
5)The reason for this is that…
第二类:表示益处/害处
1)It has the following advantages.
2)It does us a lot of good.
3)It benefits us quite a lot.
4)It is beneficial to us.
5)It is of great benefit to us.
6)We have good reason to believe that…
第三类:表示变化
1)Some changes have taken place in the past five years.
2)A great change will certainly be produced in the world"s communications.
3)The computer has brought about many changes in education.
第四类:表示重要性
1)Doing sth. is of utmost importance / should be given priority.
2)It is admitted that sb. should do.
3)It plays an important role in our life.
第五类:表示措施
1)We should take some effective measures.
2)It is high time we tried our best to overcome(conquer)the difficulties.
3)Great effort is needed to…
4)There are several ways to deal with the problem.
第六类:表示事实现状(首段常见)
1) We cannot ignore the fact that…
2)No one can deny the fact that…/There is no denying the fact that…
3)indeed /apparently / obviously
4)This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in.
5)Is true that…
第七类:表示比较
1)Compared with A,B……
2)I prefer to read rather than watch TV.
3)There is a striking contrast between them.
第八类:表示看法(首段或尾段)
1)People have(take,adopt,assume)different attitudes towards sth.
2) from my point of view
3)People take different views of(on)the question.
4)Some people believe that…Others argue that…
5) in terms of…谈及..问题时
一、审题立意
大学英语六级作文的题型一般是标题作文、主题句作文或情景、图表作文等等,去年六级作文考试有书信和记叙文,但基本都属于命题作文范畴,英语六级写作技巧。对于命题作文,审题立意是写好作文至关重要的一步。所谓审题,就是要看清题意,确定文章的中心思想和主题,并围绕中心思想组织材料。也就是通过分析作文题给出的标题、主题旬或情景,找出关键词或中心词,明确写作要求,是写哪方面的内容,既包括题材上的要求,也包括体裁上的要求。如果不审题就随便下笔,想一句写一句,内容离题,即使再好的再华丽的再精心构思的词句表达也无济于事。另一方面,六级写作的目的是测试学生用英语书面表达思想的初步能力,并不是测试你母语创作能力,而且为了便于作文评卷有一尽量统一的标准,出题方式无论怎样变化,六级作文都可以归纳为三段式,有的甚至给出三段的段首句。其目的就是让学生们在统一主题下的写作要点、思维和方式尽可能地同一化和统一化。鉴于此,我们应清楚六级写作没有太大的自由发挥空间。在构思段落之前一定要仔细斟酌标题、主题句和段首字,找出关键词从而确定写作的方向和范围,而且还应记住要尽量缩小这个范围,不能脱离要求任意展开,那样属于跑题。
二、段落构思
文章的段落,是文章的基本组成部分,一篇好的文章需要精心的段落构思和合理的段落安排,根据不同的题材确定不同的段落写作顺序。六级作文从结构上看,一般由三部分组成:引言部分(introductory part;展开部分(bodypart);结尾部分(ending part),而且每段往往只有一个主题,段中各支持句围绕明确的主题,层层展开论证并服务于主题句。整篇文章也是层层推进,环环相扣,条理分明,完整统一。下面进一步说明每一部分的具体写作技巧与要求:
引言部分 introductory part
文章开头很重要,关系到全篇文章,一定要认真考虑好如何写好第一句,秘书工作《英语六级写作技巧》。一般紧扣主题,开门见山,直接入题。如果已给出段首句,则要考虑如何跟开头连接好。在实际写作中,主要有以下几种开头方式。
定义法。即用一句话或几句话来解放说明题中的关键词,给出关键词的定义。多用于给出一简单题目的标题作文。直接切入主题。也就是直截了当地揭示文章的主题或写作原由,如已给出每一段的中文提示,可直接翻译提示中每一段的中心思想,作为开头。
提问法。用疑问句或设问句开头,紧接着提出自己对这个问题的看法或直接点明主题,这种方法如果使用得当,能够激起读者往下读的兴趣,以便找出答案。以故事背景开头,交待时间、地点、人物及背景,然后在这个背景下引出正文。这种方法多用于记叙文,使读者一开始就产生鲜明视觉形象。引用法。即引用名人名言或谚语等作为文章的开头,指出阅读的内容范围。
主题部分 body part
篇章写作不仅应层次清楚,而且主次也要分明i任何文章都有主体部分,即文章的精华部分。学生在这部分的写作错误五花八门,或者段落内容缺乏统一性,或者句与句之间缺少连贯性,层次混乱,信息的表达经常是跳跃式的想到什么写什么,内容空洞,言之无物,缺乏严密的逻辑性。针对这些错误,写主体段应注意以下几点要求。要紧扣开头段提出的主题思想,突出中心。围绕主题句用一组意思连贯而且完整的句子展开文章,切记各展开句是能起到说明、支持或阐述主题的句子并服务于主题,全文保持统一性,也就是我们通常所说的“切题”。主体段取材必须精练典型,系统而完整。根据内容需要和字数的规定,确定要点的详与略后,选择正确的、典型的、具有说服力的事实、例子、数据和论据等说明解释并扩充主题。主体段要与开头段和结尾段有内在的必然归宿,要顺其自然地过渡,使用好承上启下的连接词或句子,防止突然转折。另外,主体段的句与句之间也要逐步展开,通顺连贯,符合一定的逻辑关系。
结尾部分 ending part
文章如何结尾关系到写作的成败。好的结尾不仅在形式上起到面龙点睛的效果,而且在内容上读者明其宗旨,解其寓意。一般结尾段的写法有以下几种;总结式,即在上文所述事实和论据的基础上,对全文进行归纳、总结得出结论,使读者对文章的主题或作者的观点有个更完整而清晰的理解。首尾呼应式,即对引言段所提出的同题给出解决方案,作到首尾呼应,主题突出,结构匀称,使读者对提出的问题有了明确的答案。提问式,这种结尾形式可以引起读者的思考。并起到强调主题的作用。展望式,也就是要提出作者的希望、号召或表示信心和决心,使读者受鼓舞。引语式,引用名人名言,谚语俗语做文章的结尾,使文章更具说服力。
社会热点类模板1:
The two pictures illustrate vividly ……. In the left picture ……,while in the right …….
From the two pictures we can sense a crazy tendency of ……. Aside from ……,another telling example is ……,which was so successful in that ……. The pictures also make it obvious that we should …….
Admittedly,it is natural that ……. Nevertheless,it is the responsibility of our government and society to ……. In my opinion,what’s the more important is to ……. In short,…….
社会热点类模板2:
It goes without saying that this picture aims at revealing a current problem; ……. In this drawing,Even ……..
It seems to me that the artist is sending a message about the importance of ……. Though the drawing is a little exaggerating,it is not rare for us to find in ……. If we let this situation of continues,it not only harms ……,but also prevents …….
Accordingly,we urgently call for ……. Though the government has already taken pains to implement regulations,it still fail to ……. In my opinion,this problem should be urgently solved so as to protect benefits. I expect the government will put forward more effective propositions as soon as possible.
家庭关系类模板1:
The cartoon reveals a very thought-provoking scene. The artist purposefully exaggerates…… . This picture reveals the in-depth problem of…… .
In fact,…… . There are two reasons for this. The first and perhaps most important is that…… . The other reason is more serious from a practical point of view.…… . It owes to…… .
In my point of view, the trend goes quite against the genuine and original purpose of our…… . What I want to emphasize by the above analysis is that,…… . Therefore,…… I strongly contend that…… .
家庭关系类模板2:
There is a popular Chinese song, named ”…… “, which encourages…… . However, the in the picture does but for a very different reason—…… . From the facial expression of we can read…… .
Sadly as it is, this phenomenon does not occur rarely in today"s society, for which are responsible. For one thing,…… . For another,…… . As a matter of fact, the boosting economic development in China sadly and ironically witnesses a deterioration of…… .
The above analysis is best exemplified by…… . In my opinion, the awareness of is elementary for paving the way towards success.
人生价值类模板1:
As the old Chinese saying goes,…… . It echoes with this picture in which…… . The title of the picture further points out that…… .
The picture is meant to…… . As far as I am concerned, I think…… . This universal truth can be particularly proved in the field of…… , where…… .
A brief survey of history about also demonstrates the fundamental importance of…… .…… , for example,…… . The same principle applies to common people as well, and I am sure everybody can benefit from…… .
人生价值类模板2:
From the picture we can perceive that…… . What astonishes the drawing and the readers is that…… . It is known to all that…… , but it seems…… .
The artist utilizes this artistic presentation to imply a spreading vogue that…… . Ultimately, the trend boils down to…… . Accordingly,…… . To worsen the problem, this behavior is evoking…… .
In my point of view, we are in a prime time to curb the problem from deteriorating. First and foremost, the whole society should arrive at the consensus that…… . Besides, an awareness of should be infused into everybody"s mind.
文化交流类模板1:
It is a very eye-catching photo in which…… . What makes this picture extraordinary is ……, which clearly indicates…… .
The sense of that permeates this picture is representative of…… , that is,…… , and therefore,…… . China, in particular,…… . The effect of such communication can be best exemplified by …….
While people belong to nations, cultures know no boundary. ……is not only featured by…… ,but more importantly, by…… . I firmly believe that is contributing, and will contribute more to the world’s peace, development, and prosperity.
文化交流类模板2:
What is presented here is a very interesting scenario…… . From the subtitle we can infer that…… . Conspicuously,…… .
We can deduce from the picture that…… . It partly owes to…… , and partly to…… . Except the case reflected in the picture, there are numerous evidence demonstrating…… . For example,…… .
From a personal point of view, I am delighted to witness ……. To sum up,…… . As for China,…… . Therefore,……. I can firmly conclude that in the long run, cultural exchanges will contribute to a flourishing Chinese and global economy, as well as diversified cultures.
教育类模板1:
As the title indicates, “…… ”, the set of pictures apparently reminds us that…… . It is discernable that…… .
The drawing virtually reminds its audience a widespread phenomenon existing negatively in the area of basic education in China, that is,…… . That is to say,…… . Such a practice is very harmful in terms of the following aspects.Firstly,…… . Secondly,…… . Last but not the least,…… .
In my point of view,…… , but it is only part of the picture. On the other hand,…… . Therefore, it is an urgent task to…… . As children are the future of our nation, creating a good environment for their upbringing means creating a bright and promising future for our nation.
教育类模板2:
The picture shows…… . symbolizes…… . As is quoted in the picture,…… .
It apparently mirrors an increasingly common social phenomenon in China— in contrast with…… . One the one hand, the problem partially attributes to…… . Sometimes…… . On the other hand,…… . For example,…… ,while…… .
In my opinion, the government needs to launch a reform in the education system with measures that can show immediate effect. proves to be most beneficial to students. Further, a large-scale reform in the macroeconomic level to is the basic solution of this issue.
对比论证类模板:
According to the two pictures presented, it can be observed that. In the left picture,…… . A the same time, as the right one shows. Different people have different views on…… .
Some people support by claiming that…… . In their opinion,…… . In addition,…… . Meanwhile, there are some people, especially young men, who…… . Their reasons are quite different, sometimes for…… , sometimes for…… , sometimes simply for…… .
In my point of view, both sides are partly right. To thoroughly analyze this problem, we should take into consideration of all relevant aspects, so as to make the right decision. Therefore, my conclusion would be that…… .
一、日记
日记通常以第一人称进行写作,运用过去时态,记录某一天的生活经历,包括所见、所闻、所做的事情及感想等。进行日记写作时要注意以下几个方面。
(一)日记的格式
英文日记的格式与中文日记基本一致。左上角是:星期和日期(年、月、日)。右上角写上当天的天气情况(如:Sunny, Fine, Rainy, Windy, Snowy, Cloudy等)。具体如下:
日期表达有多种形式。年、月、日都写时,通常以月、日、年为顺序,月份可以缩写,日和年用逗号隔开。例如:
October 1, / October 1st, 2015
也可缩写成:
Oct. 1, 2015 / Oct. 1st, 2015
the 1st of October in 2015(用此格式时,月份不可以缩写)
注:以上的1或1st都读作the first。
星期可以省略不写,也可将其放在日期之前或之后,星期和日期之间不用标点,但要留有空格,星期也可缩写。如:
Saturday, October 3rd, 2015
October 3rd, 2015 Saturday
天气一般用一个形容词(如Cloudy, Sunny,Fine,Rainy,Snowy 等)表示,位置在日期之后,用逗号隔开,位于日记的右上角。如:
Saturday, October 3, 2015, Sunny
1st October, 2015, Rainy
(二)日记的正文
日记的正文是日记的主要部分,写在星期和日期的正下方,可以顶格写,也可以内缩3至5个字母的空间。由于日记记载的内容一般已经发生,谓语动词通常用一般过去时。但也可根据具体情况,用其他时态。例如,记叙天气、描写景色时,为了描写生动,可以使用现在时,以表现当时的情景。再如,文后发表感想或评论可用现在时态或将来时态。记日记力求简单明了,有连贯性。若有文字提示,则应重视提示,把握要点。在句式上尽量采用丰富的表达形式,以免造成句式单调。正文的写作通常采用“总—分—总”的形式:首先,对一天的活动作一个总体性的交代;接着,将一天所经历的主要事情和过程记录下来,可以依照时间顺序,也可以是空间方位顺序等;再者,对整个活动过程进行小结,并表达个人的感受等。
下面以部分地区的中考试题为例,来学习日记的具体写作。
中考题例:
(20恩施卷)根据下列提示信息,用英语写一篇不少于80词的日记。
提示:
1. 著名教授Mr. Robert今天(6月5日,星期五,晴)上午来你校作了一场报告;
2. 其报告内容包括:
如何与同学友好相处;
如何与家长、老师有效沟通;
如何控制不良情绪。
3. 这场报告对今后的学习和生活都很重要。
要求:
1.日记中必须包含提示中的所有要点;
2.不要逐句翻译,可适当发挥;
3.必须用第一人称写作;
4.条理清晰,书写规范;
5.文中不得出现真实人名和校名等相关信息;
6.日记的开头已经写好,不计入总词数。
参考词汇:
有效地effectively 教授professor
Friday, June 5th Sunny
解题指导:
【审题】
1. 体裁:日记,用第一人称写。
2. 内容:教授报告,三大要点要全部覆盖。
3. 主体时态:一般过去时。
4. 开放的内容:自己的感受。
5. 词数:不少于80词。
【写作指导】
[文章结构内容要点开头:总体交代主要事件来校作报告(came to our school to give us a report) 正文:报告的三大主要内容1.如何与同学友好相处(how to get along well with classmates)
2. 如何与家长、老师有效沟通(how to communicate with parents and teachers effectively)
3.如何控制自己的情绪(how to control ourselves)结尾:我的感受开放的内容]
【参考范文】
Friday, June 5th Sunny
This morning Mr. Robert, a famous professor, came to our school to give us a useful report.
He told us how we could get along well with our classmates. He said that honesty is the best way. He also taught us how to communicate with our parents and teachers. When he talked about how we can control ourselves, he said, “Count to ten when you get angry.”
I learned an important lesson from Mr. Robert. Im sure his report will help us study better and live a happier life in future.
拓展训练:
(2015年黔南卷)今天(3月15日)上午你去参加了英语俱乐部活动,请根据提示写一篇日记。
要点提示:
1. 简介:英语俱乐部成立于三年前;
2. 地点:家附近的公园;
3. 内容:许多学生参加,还有大学生和外国朋友。练听力、口语,谈谈感兴趣的事,交流学习英语的经验;
4. 感受。
要求:
1. 必须用上以上所有信息,可适当发挥;
2. 要求句子连贯,语句通顺,书写规范;
3. 词数不少于80词,开头部分已给出,不计入总词数;
4. 文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。
参考词汇:
English club, found, college, take part in, practice doing, exchange, experience, improve
Sunday March 15th, 2015 Sunny
【参考范文】
Sunday March 15th, 2015 Sunny
This morning I went to the English club that is in the park near my home. It is three years since it was founded. Many middle school students as well as college students and foreigners took part in the activity. People there practiced listening and spoken English by talking about something interesting, and people also exchanged the experience in English learning. I think it is a good chance for me to speak with them and use what I have learnt in my English class. In this way I can improve my English, especially listening and speaking and I can also make a lot of friends there. I felt very happy after I got back.
二、书信
书信是重要的交际工具。英文书信是中考英语写作最常出现的应用文体。英文书信分为两大类:公务信件和私人信件。中考试题考查私人信件的书写,类型比较丰富。书信的基本格式如下:
[称呼
正文
结束语
署名]
下面以2015年部分地区的中考试题为例,学习不同类型的书信的写作。
(一)申请信
中考题例:
(2015年温州卷)美中文化交流中心(ACCEC)暑期将组织学生来华学习、交流,现正在中国招募志愿者,帮助他们学习中文。假如你是扬帆中学的学生李平,请按照要求给该项目负责人Mr. Miller写一封申请信。
内容包括:
1.申请担任志愿者;
2.自己乐于助人、擅长中文;
3.谈谈学好中文的方法;
4. ……
参考词汇:
volunteer, be good at, improve, culture
注意:
1.申请信需要涵盖以上所有要点,可适当发挥;
2.文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息;
3.词数:110词左右。开头和结尾已给出(不计入总词数)。
Dear Mr. Miller,
Im Li Ping from Yangfan Middle School. __
Thank you for your consideration.
Yours truly,
Li Ping
解题指导:
【审题】
1. 体裁:申请信,用第一人称写。
2. 内容:申请担任志愿者,讲明自己的优势。
3. 主体时态:现在时态。但当谈论过去的经历时,需要用到相关的过去时态。
4. 开放的内容:除所给提示以外的其他优势;恳请招聘单位考虑自己的申请,并表示谢意;期望回复等。
5. 词数:110词左右。
【写作指导】
[文章结构内容要点开头:自我介绍,说明写信的目的对项目感兴趣(be interested in your project)
想成为志愿者(want to be the volunteer)主体内容:详述有关与申请要求相关的背景资料,如经历、兴趣爱好等;希望申请得到批准,并说明自己会珍惜这次机会乐于助人(be ready to help others)
擅长中文(be good at Chinese)
学好中文的方法(ways to learn Chinese well)
如果能得到机会,我将……(If I can get the job, I believe I will ...)结尾:表示感谢;期待尽早得到答复等Thank you for ...
Im looking forward to ...]
【参考范文】
Dear Mr. Miller,
Im Li Ping from Yangfan Middle School. Im very interested in your project and want to be the volunteer to help the students learn Chinese.
I am warm-hearted and always ready to help others. Im good at Chinese. Last year, I won the first prize for the Chinese Speech Competition in my city. I have many good ways to learn Chinese well. For example, we can listen to the radio and read aloud every morning. Also learning some Chinese classical songs helps improve the language quickly. Besides, talking with local people is a fun and effective way to learn Chinese and its culture. If I can get the job, I believe I can be a great volunteer.
Thank you for your consideration.
Yours truly,
Li Ping
拓展训练:
(2015年南通卷)学年结束前, Nancy所在学校的英文校报将征集“班级之星”的推荐信。假如你是Nancy,请根据下表所提示的要点,写一封英文推荐信,推荐以下三名同学并阐明推荐理由。
注意:
1. 表达中必须包含所给要点,可以适当发挥,不要简单翻译;
2. 词数90左右,开头和结尾已经写好,不计入总词数;
3. 表达中请勿提及真实校名和姓名。
Dear Sir,
I would like to recommend three of my classmates for this years Class Stars.
I hope that you agree with me.
Yours Faithfully,
Nancy
【参考范文】
Dear Sir,
I would like to recommend three of my classmates for this years Class Stars.
First, I think Sandy is the best person for the Cooperation Star. She listens to others patiently. Also, she is good at communicating and ready to share her ideas with others.
Then, I hope Harry can be the Creation Star because he always thinks in different ways. He is brave enough to try different things. He often comes up with new ideas.
Finally, I think Emily can be the Show Star. In class, she joins in discussions actively. She is never afraid of making a speech in front of the whole class and she usually speaks in a loud voice.
I hope that you agree with me.
Yours Faithfully,
Nancy
(二)感谢信
中考题例:
(2015年攀枝花卷)在初中即将毕业之际,假如你是李明,请你给曾经对你有很大帮助的王老师写一份感谢信。文章包含以下内容:
1. 三年前,你来到新的班级,没有朋友,感到孤独;
2. 王老师鼓励你多交朋友,告诉你学好英语;
3. 现在你的变化(性格变得外向,积极参加各种活动,学习成绩提高);
4. 对王老师表示感谢并祝福老师身体健康。
注意:
1. 词数80~100,开头和结尾已给出,但不计入总词数;
2. 短文必须包括所有要点,不要逐词翻译,可适当发挥,使其连贯,通顺。文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。
Dear Mr. Wang,
How time flies! Ill graduate from the junior school soon, Yours,
Li Ming
解题指导:
感谢信的写作目的是对他人给予自己的帮助、款待、所赠送礼物等表示感谢。因此,写感谢信首先要真诚;感谢信的另一个特点是具体,切忌泛泛而谈,而应着重写明具体的感谢事由。
【审题】
1. 体裁:感谢信,用第一人称写。
2. 内容:感谢王老师的帮助;自己的变化。
3. 主体时态:现在时态及相关过去时态。
4. 开放的内容:除所给提示以外的老师给予的帮助或自己的其他变化。
5. 词数:80~100词。
【写作指导】
【参考范文】
Dear Mr. Wang,
How time flies! Ill graduate from the junior high school soon, and I am deeply grateful to you for your kind help. Three years ago, I was new in the class. I had no friends here and felt lonely. You encouraged me to make more friends. And you also told me how to study English well. With your help, I have changed a lot and become more outgoing. I took an active part in various activities that helped me a lot in improving myself.
Words cant show my thanks to you and Ill work harder and try to do better in the future. I wish you happy and healthy all the time.
Yours,
Li Ming
拓展训练:
(2015年重庆A卷)加拿大中学生Peter在你校学习期满,回国后写来一封感谢信,同时指出了同学们的一些不良行为。假如你是学生会主席李华,请根据要点提示给Peter回一封电子邮件。
要点提示:
1. 表示感谢;
2. 表达意愿(告别高声喧哗、乱丢乱扔等不良行为);
3. ……
要求:
1. 80词左右。开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数;
2.文中不能出现自己的姓名和所在学校的名称。
Dear Peter,
Im glad to receive your email. ___________
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Peter,
Im glad to receive your email. Thank you for telling us so much. Im very sorry for what we have done.
As a student, we should learn to have good habits. First, we will keep quiet in public. Also, we will no longer throw things here and there. Whats more, we wont write or draw on the desks and other places, and we will be more polite to others.
Id like to invite you to visit our school again. Im sure you will see a cleaner school.
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
(三)建议信
中考题例:
(2015年山西卷)某校开展“我是课堂小主人”建议征集活动,各班就此展开讨论,同学们纷纷发言:“我希望能有足够的自主学习时间……”“我喜欢的课堂是每人都有一台笔记本电脑,方便上网查询……”“课上我们能自由地讨论,充分展示我们的学习成果……”等。请你结合同学们讨论的结果,给校长以电子邮件的形式写一封信,建议什么样的课堂形式更为同学们喜爱,也更有利于同学们未来的发展。内容须包含以下要点:
What is your favorite class like?
Please tell us an unforgettable experience youve had in your class.
Please give at least two suggestions.
要求:
1. 词数80左右,提示词仅供参考;
2. 邮件的格式已给出,开头、结尾不计入总词数;
3. 文中不得出现真实的人名、校名。
解题指导:
建议信的写作目的是提出建议或忠告,观点要合情合理,注意语言要得体、礼貌。 写作时,首先要肯定优点,再提出改进内容。
【审题】
1. 体裁:建议信,用第一人称写。
2. 内容:给校长写信,建议什么样的课堂形式更为同学们喜爱,也更有利于同学们未来的发展。
3. 主体时态:现在时态及相关过去时态。
4. 开放的内容:除所给提示外的至少两点建议。
【写作指导】
【参考范文】
Dear Mr. Li,
My favorite class is an open and free class where I can learn by myself and discuss in groups, which is good for my development, I think.
I still remember an unforgettable experience in my maths class. Several days ago, I spent a long time working on three maths problems in class, but they were too hard for me to work them out. So I had to ask my classmates for help. After a considerable discussion, we solved the problems in our group. How excited I was!
Having such a great experience,I want to give two suggestions. Firstly, please dont teach us too much in class. We need about 30 minutes to learn by ourselves and work in groups every class. Secondly,please provide us with some laptops if possible, so we can surf the Internet easily. No doubt, we need an open and free class, you see.
Thats all. Thank you.
Best wishes!
Yours faithfully,
Zhang Hua
拓展训练:
试题1:
(2015年遂宁卷)假如你是李华,你的朋友玲玲写信向你抱怨(complain)没有时间做作业,没有时间锻炼……她就这些问题向你寻求帮助,请你就如何合理安排时间给她写一封回信。
提示:
学习方面:做好学习计划,上课认真听讲,高效完成作业;
锻炼方面:利用早上和周末锻炼;
其他建议:①,②,……
注意:
1.词数80左右,开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数;
2.文章应包括写信的背景和提示中的所有要点,可适当发挥,以使行文连贯;
3.文中请勿提及你的真实姓名和学校。
Dear Lingling,
I am glad to hear from you.
[]
Hope things work out.
Yours,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Lingling,
I am glad to hear from you. You complained that you had no time to do your homework or exercise. I think you should spend your time in a proper way. For example, you can make a plan about your study, listen to the teachers carefully and do your homework quickly. As for exercise, you can do it in the morning and on weekends. I also think you should cut down the time hanging out with your friends. Dont spend too much time playing computer games or listening to the music, even though they are really relaxing.
Hope things work out.
Yours,
Li Hua
试题2:
(2015年南京卷)假如你是阳光中学的李磊,你在学校网站看到国际学生Stephen的求助信。请根据Stephen信的内容,用英语给Stephen写一封回信,介绍你校图书馆借书的要求和流程。 [HELP NEEDED
Im Stephen, an international student from Britain. Id like to know how to borrow books from the school library. Should I bring my students card with me? How long can I keep a book? I wonder if you can provide any tips on borrowing books.
Please email me at Stephen220@yahoo.com. Thank you!
Stephen]
注意:
1. 文中不得出现你的真实姓名和学校名称;
2. 语言通顺,意思连贯,条理清楚,书写规范;
3. 词数80左右,邮件的开头与结尾已经给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Stephen,
I am writing to tell you how to borrow books from the school library.
Yours faithfully,
Li Lei
【参考范文】
Dear Stephen,
I am writing to tell you how to borrow books from the school library. Remember to go to the library with your students card. When you enter the library, first show your students card to a librarian. Then you can choose books you need. At last you can take the books away after you show them to a librarian.
You can only borrow three books at a time and keep them for a month. You will have to go back to the library to renew the books if you want to keep them longer.
Please email me if you have any other questions.
Yours faithfully,
Li Lei
三、演讲稿或发言稿
演讲稿或发言稿是近年各地中考应用文写作经常考查的文体之一。此类文体一般是为了传递某些信息,如阐述事实、提供见解、分析事件、说明原因等。因此,演讲稿或发言稿的写作其实基本上算是记叙文的写作。
下面以2015年天津市中考试题为例,来学习演讲稿的写作。
中考题例:
(2015年天津卷)假如你即将在学校英语兴趣小组的活动中发言,请你用英语写一篇发言稿。
要点提示如下:
1.几个月前,奶奶晚饭后去跳广场舞;
2.从那时起,奶奶喜欢上了广场舞;
3.现在,奶奶比以前健康了,有了很多朋友;
4.有些邻居有意见,认为音乐很吵,无法入睡;
5.你认为人们可以跳广场舞,但……
参考词汇:跳广场舞 do square dancing;对某人有意见have a complaint against sb.
要求:
1.词数:80~100词;
2.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数;
3.要点齐全,行文连贯,可适当发挥。
Boys and girls,
Im very happy to speak here and Id like to talk about my grandma.
Thats all. Thank you!
解题指导:
【审题】
1. 体裁:发言稿,用第一人称写。但在涉及奶奶的描述时用第三人称。
2. 内容:评论奶奶跳广场舞这件事。
3. 主体时态:现在时态。但当谈论过去的经历时,需要用到相关的过去时态。
4. 开放的内容:你对跳广场舞的建议。
5. 词数:80~100词。
【写作指导】
[文章结构内容要点开头:简要介绍,点明主题Im very happy to speak here and Id like to talk about my grandma.主体内容:以时间为顺序,阐述主要事件;发表自己的观点A few months ago ... since then ... now ...
Some neighbors have a complaint against ...
In my opinion ...结尾:建议并感谢别人的倾听Thank you for ...]
【参考范文】
Boys and girls,
Im very happy to speak here and Id like to talk about my grandma.
A few months ago, my grandma went to do square dancing after supper. Since then, she has been in love with square dancing. Now, she is
much healthier than before. Whats more, she has a lot of friends. However, some neighbors have a complaint against the people who do square dancing. They think that the music is so loud that they cant fall asleep at night.
In my opinion, people can do square dancing because it is a good way to keep healthy. But they should think about the feelings of others and they shouldnt make a lot of noise.
Thats all. Thank you for your listening.
拓展训练:
试题1:
(2015年河北卷)英语课上,老师要求同学们介绍个人周末计划。假设下面表格内容是你的计划提纲,请根据表格提示的活动内容,写一篇发言稿,介绍你的周末计划,并在班上与同学交流。
[SaturdayWatch TVGo to a bookstoreSundayVisit grandparents...]
要求:
1.发言稿须包括三个所列要点和一个补充要点;
2.发言稿中四个要点都要适当发挥;
3.发言稿中不得涉及真实的人名、校名和地名;
4.词数:80左右(已给出的开头和结尾不计入总词数)。
Hi, everyone! Heres my plan for the weekend.
Thank you!
【参考范文】
Hi, everyone! Heres my plan for the weekend.
On Saturday morning, Im going to watch TV to relax myself after a long weeks study. I like watching comedies and cartoons. On Saturday afternoon, Im going to the bookstore to buy some books. Reading is one of my hobbies.
On Sunday, Im going to visit my grandparents because I miss them very much. Ill help them do some housework. After I come back, Ill do my homework to get ready for the next week.
Thats my weekend. Like it?
Thank you!
试题2:
(2015年绵阳卷)上高中后第一节英语课,老师要求每个同学用英语做1分钟的自我介绍。请准备一份80~100词的发言稿,内容应涉及以下四个方面:
1.家庭情况;
2.学习上的强项与弱项;
3.兴趣与爱好;
4.对高中生活的期待。
要求:
1.内容反映自己的真实情况,但文中不得提及真实的人名、地名或校名;
2.首尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Hello, everybody! Nice to meet you. My name is Li Hua. Im from Rainbow High School.
Thank you!
【参考范文】
Hello, everybody! Nice to meet you. My name is Li Hua. Im from Rainbow High School.
In my family, besides father and mother, I have a little brother. I love them very much and we live happily.
I like reading books. I am also fond of listening to music. I love country music. I like watching cartoons, too.
As for subjects, I like English best, because its interesting. And I think its a good way to communicate with foreigners. But I am weak in P.E. I will exercise every morning from now on.
In the high school I will try my best to correct my disadvantages and Im trying to be a perfect girl.
Thank you!
英语作文写作技巧汇总
研习
“没有规矩,不成方圆。”对于一般英语学习者而言,写出优秀的文章有赖于后天习得,但并不意味着机械背诵、生吞活剥,或者照搬照抄、人云亦云。所谓研习,需要有独立思考和个人的判断,本着“他山之石,可以攻玉”的精神,汲取文章的精华部分加以研究。研习主要侧重两个方面,包括文章章法和语言表达。文章章法指文章的行文思路、布局谋篇、结构安排、逻辑顺序。许多学习者面对一个话题,可能存在两种不同的困惑,一是下笔千言,但离题万里;二是思绪万千,却无从落笔。导致两种困惑的根源皆在于欠缺思考问题、组织思路的恰当方式,以至于文章不得要领、章法紊乱。这就要求我们从全篇脉络角度多研习范文,之后领悟如何以演绎法行文、怎样用归纳法谋篇以及如何围绕特定话题拓展思路等等。此外,研习还要侧重于语言表达,包括遣词造句和句子、段落之间的各种衔接手段,以期在自己日后的写作中派上用场,因为英文写作皆通一理。只有善于借鉴,勤加研究,才会借他人的优势和长处,提高自己的写作水平。
背 诵
背诵是提高写作的又一有效途径。要学好写作文,首先要处理好语言输入与输出之间的关系。前者是后者的前提条件。如果头脑空空如也,就根本谈不上写出像模像样的文章。只有读过大量东西,并且有意识地将其中精彩部分储存于记忆之中(commit the highlights to memory),才能保证下笔流畅、文通字顺。因此,背诵对于写作极为重要。但背诵不是机械记忆,而是有选择性的背诵,是有意义的记忆。因为机械背诵的结果要么是记忆很快就荡然无存、了无痕迹,要么是无法活学活用、付诸实践。背诵包括五个方面:重点词汇、常用套语、精彩句子、优秀段落、经典篇章。
重点词汇
美妙的用词及搭配皆在此列,像fall victim(受害),stand a fair chance(大有希望)这种地道的动宾搭配要勤加记忆。为了积累写作词汇,应将文中同属一个话题的用词汇总归纳,组成主题词族(topic family)。归类记忆可以使自己日后即写即用,得心应手。下文是一篇阐释爱心的优秀文章,多处用词精巧,现将文中关于爱心这一主题的词汇总结如下:
emotional strength 情感的力量
the noblest of human emotions人类最高尚的情感
no thought of gain不计得失
the lamp of love爱心之灯
help the victims of natural disasters支援自然灾害受害者
donate whatever they can倾囊相助
help their needy fellow citizens 帮助有需要的同胞
be ready to give a helping hand 随时准备伸出援手
When we use the word ”love“, we do not simply mean an attraction to a person of the opposite sex, which is a very narrow definition of the word. Love is emotional strength, which can support us no matter how dark the world around us becomes. In fact, throughout history people of many different cultures have regarded love as the noblest of human emotions.
As an example of the power of love, we should remember how the Chinese people of all nationalities respond to the call to help the victims of natural disasters every year. Although their incomes are still low by international standards, people all over the country do not hesitate to donate whatever they can — be it money or goods — to help their needy fellow citizens. Moreover, they do this with no thought of gain for themselves.
In my opinion, the best way to show love is to help people who are more unfortunate than we are. We should always be ready to give a helping hand to those who are in trouble, no matter whether they are family members or complete strangers. In this way, we can help to make the world a better place, for the darker the shadows of sorrow become, the more brightly the lamp of love shines.
当我们用“爱”这个词时,我们不仅仅指异性对一个人的吸引,这只是对这个词非常狭隘的解释。爱心是一种情感的.力量,不论我们周围的世界多么黑暗,爱心都能支撑我们。事实上,纵观历史,不同文化背景的人都把爱看成是人类最高尚的情感。
说到爱心的力量,我们马上就会想起每年中国各族人民是如何响应号召支援自然灾害受害者的。尽管按照国际标准他们的收入还处于低水平,全国人民毫不犹豫地倾囊相助——不管是钱还是物——帮助那些有需要的同胞。而且,他们这么做并不考虑自己的得失。
我认为,表达爱心的最好方式是帮助比我们更加不幸的人。我们应该随时准备向有困难的人伸出援助之手,无论他们是家庭成员还是素昧平生。这样,我们就能够助一臂之力把世界变成一个更美好的地方,因为,悲伤的阴影越黑暗,爱心之灯的光芒就越闪亮。
常用套语
套语指流行的公式化语言,在写作中适当使用颇有必要。如在商业信函结尾,期望对方早日回复的表达方式就要遵循套语的基本模式,使表达规范得体。下面试举几个例子:
Kindly favor us with an early reply. 请早日赐复。
Your prompt reply will be highly appreciated. 如能及时回复,将不胜感谢。
We look forward to hearing from you soon. 早日回复。
We are expecting your prompt reply. 急盼回复。
Please have the kindness to answer this letter quickly. 请早日回信。
Kindly let us have your reply at your earliest convenience. 请在您方便时尽早赐函。
We would appreciate it if you could respond right away. 如能即刻回复,将不胜感谢。
当前流行应试写作模板,即套语的使用贯穿文章始终,为考生提供万能公式型的文章主架,每句表达皆由固定套语框定,考生只要背下套用句型、过渡词语,在考试中根据特定考题填充具体内容。这种应试策略使写出的文章矫揉造作,生硬刻板,虽可以让考生及格过关,但绝对得不到高分。套语的过多使用不妨可以比作大海中的救生圈,有了它,仅仅可以让不擅游泳者保全性命,却无法自在畅游,一展泳姿。一般而言,套语较为空洞,如使用过多,文章容易流于空泛,言之无物。写作宜虚实结合,形式与内容相统一。下例是一篇比较在家学习与入校读书谁优谁劣的范文,文中巧妙地使用了一些固定句式和过渡词语,不仅增强了表达效果,而且实现了形式与内容的统一。
There are two major arguments that can be made for studying at home. First, as advances in the electronic media have brought the whole world of scholarship into the home via the Internet and educational courses on TV, the classroom is no longer the only place for acquiring knowledge. Second, it is widely held that a person studies better in the familiar surroundings of his own home and when he can arrange his own study time.
But we must not lose sight of the fact that there are advantages to studying in the classroom, too. Being surrounded by people of roughly the same abilities and interests can be a great stimulus to acquiring knowledge, whereas studying in solitude at home is boring for many people. More importantly, there can be no substitute for a good teacher, who must not only be able to impart facts and theories, but also to appraise and encourage his students.
Given the choice between these two methods of learning, I prefer the classroom. This is because I am the sort of person who finds it difficult to concentrate on study in the midst of household chores, and disturbances from visitors and telephone calls. The classroom environment, I feel, is the only one in which most people feel comfortable applying all their energies to the all-important task of acquiring knowledge.
关于在家学习,我们可以提出两个主要论点。第一,由于电子媒体方面取得的进步把整个世界的知识通过互联网和电视上的教育课程带入了家庭,教室不再是惟一获取知识的场所。第二,人们普遍认为,在自己家里这样熟悉的环境中,并且能自己安排学习时间,一个人能学得更好。
但是,我们不能忽视在教室里学习也有好处这一事实。周围都是能力相近和兴趣相投的人可能会对获取知识形成巨大的刺激,而对很多人来说孤独一人在家学习会有些枯燥乏味。更重要的是,没有什么可以替代一个好老师,他不仅能够传道授业,而且能够评估并鼓励学生。
如果在两种学习方法中选择,我更喜欢在教室里学习,因为我是那种很难在家务琐事、客人、电话的打扰下集中注意力学习的人。我认为大多数人只有在教室里才能把全部精力放在获取知识这件十分重要的工作上。
爱心是一种情感的力量,不论我们周围的世界多么黑暗,爱心都能支撑我们。事实上,纵观历史,不同文化背景的"人都把爱看成是人类最高尚的情感。
说到爱心的力量,我们马上就会想起每年中国各族人民是如何响应号召支援自然灾害受害者的。尽管按照国际标准他们的收入还处于低水平,全国人民毫不犹豫地倾囊相助——不管是钱还是物——帮助那些有需要的同胞。而且,他们这么做并不考虑自己的得失。
我认为,表达爱心的最好方式是帮助比我们更加不幸的人。我们应该随时准备向有困难的人伸出援助之手,无论他们是家庭成员还是素昧平生。这样,我们就能够助一臂之力把世界变成一个更美好的地方,因为,悲伤的阴影越黑暗,爱心之灯的光芒就越闪亮。
小学生的英语写作方法有什么呢?怎样才能让自己的孩子的英文作文写得更好一点呢?
一:用介词短语替代从句,例:
原句:While they were playing tennis, she started an argument that lasted all morning.
修改后:During tennis she started an argument that lasted all morning.
原句:When you come to the second traffic light, turn right.
修改后:At the second traffic light turn left.
二:删除诸如“who is”或”that is“之类的关系代词,变从句为短语,例:
句:The novel, which is written in three parts, told a story that took place in the Middle Ages.
修改后:The three-part novel told a story set in the Middle Ages.
注:把句中的”three parts“改用形容词来表达,节省了四个不必要的单词”which is written in“。我们经常可以将关系代词如”that“去掉,这只会引起最少的变动。
三:剔除你不需要的单词,例:
Two joint partners will present their views over a long-distance telephone call.
写完这样的句子后,你自己再读一遍,挑出单词”joint“和”telephone“,注意删去不必要的词。
英语写作注意两点
一、先审题,弄清写作要求审题是写好作文的前提,也是书面表达的基础。
如果写偏了题,语言表达再好也很难得高分。审题时要注意两个方面:
1.认真地看两遍题目,包括提示,全面了解写作要求。
2.理清思路,确定体裁、框架结构和内容。
二、用英语进行思维英语写作时必须排除汉语思维的干扰。
从现在起应逐渐加大阅读量和听的输入量,将阅读、听力训练与书面表达有机地结合起来。
经常体会和领悟作者传递信息和表达思想的方式。
在话题讨论和写作中经常运用所学到的表达方式就会有所创造。
还要尽量做到“五多”:多看、多听、多思考、多用心体验和感悟身边的人和事、多用英语说和写自己的体验和感受。
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